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The
MOU Concerning Cooperation in the Field of Hydrology, Water Resources
and Global Climate Change was implemented with a term of three years.
Under the framework of the Memorandum, a Workshop on Hydrology,
Water Resources and Global Climate Change (officially referred to
as the Workshop on the Effects of Global Climate Change on Hydrology
and Water Resources at the Catchment Scale) was held in Tsukuba,
Japan on February 3-6, 1992.
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1st workshop Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan/ February 3-6, 1992 |
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2nd workshop Boulder, Colorado/ February 1-2, 1993 |
February 1-2, 1993, a second workshop was held in Boulder, Colorado, USA, to establish definitive joint research projects, and the mechanisms for implementing them, under the terms of the PWRI-USGS Memorandum of Understanding. Seven distinct projects were established in the form of Annexes to the MOU, each having a term of two years. Thus, the term of the MOU and its Annexes expired in February, 1995. |
| Because both Parties to the agreement felt the joint activities were productive and of mutual benefit, it was agreed that the MOU, and each of the Annexes, would be extended for a three-year period. This was officially done on January 31-February 1, 1995 at a third workshop convened in Tsukuba, Japan. In addition to extending the term of the agreement, the Third Workshop was designed to review and enhance Annex activities. |
3rd workshop Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japa‚ˇ/ January 31-February 1, 1995 |
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4th workshop Honolulu, Hawaii/iFebruary 24-28, 1997 |
After five years of cooperative exchange, both Parties agreed that it was desirable to conduct a thorough diagnostic evaluation of the issues, accomplishments, and implications associated with the research under each Annex. Accordingly, a fourth workshop was convened on February 24-28, 1997 in Honolulu, Hawaii. The fourth workshop affirmed the mutual scientific and technical benefit of the research collaboration, and considered the value of expanding the joint research effort into the area of watershed modeling and watershed management. To facilitate the latter, both Parties agreed to invite the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation to participate in the joint activities. |
| The fifth workshop, convened on March 2-5, 1999 in Atami, Shizuoka, focused on future issues related to watershed management and related research, as well as an evaluation of progress on existing research projects. The U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (USBR) participated in the workshop and, at the same time, began the process of establishing a separate agreement with PWRI in the form of an Implementing Arrangement (IA). The PWRI-USBR IA was eventually signed in November 2000. |
5th workshop Atami, Shizuoka, Japan/ March 2-5, 1999 |
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6th workshop Long Beach, California/ January 2001 |
In January 2001, the sixth PWRI-USGS workshop was held in Long Beach, California. The workshop refocused joint activities between the two organizations into six projects under three broad topical areas, Surface Water Hydrology; Hillslope and Channel Geomorphology; and Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Control. In April 2001, Japan's Ministry of Construction underwent a major reorganization, and was renamed the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport. As part of this change, the Public Works Research Institute was divided into two organizations; a governmental agency renamed the National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management (NILIM), and an independent (quasi-governmental) research institution that retained the name Public Works Research Institute. As a result of the division of activities, USGS now works with both NILIM and PWRI. |